Biological Rhythms
- Annual - Seasonal Variations (Hibernate, SAD)
- 28 Day - Menstrual
- 24 H - Circadian Rhythm
- 90 min - Sleep Cycles
Circadian Rhythm - Bio Clock; Bodt temperature & awareness change throughout the day
Sleep Stages
5 stages; takes 90-100 min; brain waves change depending on the stage.
1st 4 stages -> Non REM Sleep 5th stage -> REM sleep
- Stage 1 - Awake-ish & asleep-ish; small duration during the night. eyes slightly roll, Theta waves
- Stage 2 - Baseline, part of 90 min. cycle (45-60% of sleep); more theta waves -> slows down; show sleep spindles - short bursts of brain activity
- Stages 3 and 4 - Slow wave sleep w/delta waves; if awakened, very groggy; restores body's growth hormones and good overall health. IMPORTANT
- 15-30 min.; slows brain activity -> delta waves have higher amp; DEEPEST SLEEP; Delta sleep needed by sleep-deprived; 40% of sleep time in children ("dead asleep")
- REM Sleep - Very active sleep; stage of sleep; body paralysis; 20-25% of sleep; breathing, brain activity, and heart rate increase; REM -> Stage 2
Sleep Disorders
- Insomnia - Recurring problems falling asleep or staying asleep; not from avg. amount of sleep
- Narcolepsy - Uncontrollable sleep attacks; Directly to REM sleep (from joy or fear)
- Sleep Apnea - Temporary cessations in breathing while asleep and consequent momentary awakenings
- Night Terrors - High arousal and terrified appearance in stage 4; forgotten
- Sleepwalking - During deep nonREM sleep early in the night
Dreams - Sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts through a sleeping person's mind
- Manifest - Remembered storyline of a dream
- Latent - Underlying meaning of a dream
Theories
- Freud - Key to understand hidden conflicts; ideas and thoughts hidden in unconscious
- Information Processing - Dreams act to understand and sort out memories of the day
- REM sleep increases after stressful events
- Activation Synthesis - Brainstem reduces random neural activity, dreams try to interpret that activity.
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